JavaScript BankAccount Class - Required Homework

Create a BankAccount class that returns an object. Inside this function, follow these steps:

1. Initialize Balance:

Create a balance variable and initialize it to 100, or any balance you want (representing $100).

2. Methods:

deposit(amount): Adds a specified amount to the balance.
withdraw(amount): Deducts a specified amount from the balance, but only if there is enough balance.
getBalance(): Returns the current balance.
transfer(amount, targetAccount): Transfers a specified amount from this account to another account.

3. Encapsulation:

Only allow access to the balance variable through the deposit, withdraw, getBalance, and transfer methods.
Make sure to avoid direct access to balance from outside the BankAccount function.

4. Validation:

A deposit can only add positive amounts.
A withdrawal can only occur if the account has enough balance.
Transfers should be allowed only if both accounts have sufficient balance to complete the transaction.

5. Testing:

Create a new BankAccount instance with a starting balance.
Call each method (deposit, withdraw, getBalance, transfer) to verify functionality.

6. Inheritance:

Create a subclass of BankAccount, called PremiumBankAccount, which offers additional benefits like no transaction fees or higher transfer limits, or whatever you want.

Example Scenario:

Create two BankAccount instances:
- Account 1 has an initial balance of $500.
- Account 2 has an initial balance of $1000.
Test the following:
- Deposit $200 into Account 1.
- Withdraw $50 from Account 1.
- Transfer $100 from Account 2 to Account 1.
- Print the balances of both accounts.

Make sure to implement the transfer method so that it checks if both accounts have enough balance before transferring money.

%%js 
    class BankAccount {

    }

<IPython.core.display.Javascript object>

JavaScript Car Class Code - Optional Homework (Extra Credit)

Create a Car class that models a car with a few basic properties and methods. Follow these steps:

1. Initialize Properties:

Create properties for make, model, and fuelLevel (a number between 0 and 100 representing the amount of fuel in the car).

2. Methods:

drive(distance): Decreases the fuelLevel by a certain percentage based on the distance traveled.
refuel(amount): Increases the fuelLevel by a specified amount, but make sure that it does not exceed 100 (the max fuel capacity).
getFuelLevel(): Returns the current fuelLevel.

3. Encapsulation:

Keep the fuelLevel private, and only allow it to be modified or read via the drive, refuel, and getFuelLevel methods.
Do not allow direct access to fuelLevel from outside the class.

4. Validation:

Ensure that when refueling, the fuelLevel does not exceed 100.
When driving, ensure that the car does not drive without enough fuel (so if fuel is 0, they cant drive).

5. Testing:

Create a Car instance with an initial fuel level.
Test the following:
- Drive the car and check how the fuel level changes.
- Refuel the car and check that the fuel level increases without exceeding 100.
- Try driving the car when the fuel level is 0 and ensure that it cannot drive.

Example Scenario:

Create a Car instance:
- The car has a make of "Toyota", a model of "Corolla", and a fuelLevel of 50%.
Test the following:
- Drive the car for 100 km (decreases fuel level by 10%).
- Refuel the car with 30 units (increases fuel level, but should not exceed 100%).
- Try to drive the car with 0 fuel and verify it doesn’t drive.

class Car {
    constructor(make, model, fuelLevel = 100) {
        this.make = make;
        this.model = model;
        this._fuelLevel = Math.max(0, Math.min(fuelLevel, 100));
    }

    drive(distance) {
        const fuelNeeded = distance * 0.1;
        if (this._fuelLevel <= 0) {
            console.log("Cannot drive, the car is out of fuel.");
        } else if (this._fuelLevel < fuelNeeded) {
            console.log(`Insufficient fuel for the trip. You can only drive ${this._fuelLevel / 0.1} km.`);
        } else {
            this._fuelLevel -= fuelNeeded;
            console.log(`You have driven ${distance} km. Fuel level is now ${this._fuelLevel.toFixed(2)}%.`);
        }
    }

    refuel(amount) {
        if (amount < 0) {
            console.log("Cannot refuel with a negative amount.");
            return;
        }
        this._fuelLevel = Math.min(100, this._fuelLevel + amount);
        console.log(`Car refueled. Fuel level is now ${this._fuelLevel.toFixed(2)}%.`);
    }

    getFuelLevel() {
        return this._fuelLevel;
    }
}

const car = new Car("DMC", "DeLorean", 50);

car.drive(100);
car.refuel(30);
car.drive(600);
console.log(`Current fuel level: ${car.getFuelLevel()}%`);